长江三角洲核心区绿地系统时空演变特征及生态服务价值评估

在经济建设与环境保护矛盾突出的背景下,研究区域绿地系统时空演化特征,探讨人为因素对绿地系统生态服务的影响,对于改善绿地资源管理、促进区域永续协调发展具有重要意义。本研究基于景观生态学研究方法和生态服务价值当量因子评估法,运用ArcGIS 10.2软件的空间分析功能,对1990-2015年长江三角洲核心区绿地系统时空演化特征及生态服务价值进行了分析。结果表明:(1)长三角核心区绿地景观规模随时间的变化具有阶段性特征,呈现先扩大后缩减的态势;绿地景观与其他土地利用类型的转移存在阶段性与指向性特征;绿地景观格局总体上表现为初期集聚同质化、后期破碎异质化。(2)长三角核心区绿地系统生态服务价值随时间变化明显,不同绿地景观类型有不同的阶段性特征;长三角核心区绿地系统生态服务类型中,调节服务对于绿地系统整体生态服务价值贡献最大。(3)长三角核心区绿地系统生态服务价值在空间上呈现南北不均衡的特征,总体上呈南高北低态势,其中杭州市绿地系统生态服务价值在不同阶段均最高。区域地形地貌是影响区域生态服务价值的一个重要因素。

Temporal and spatial evolution of greenspace system and evaluation of ecosystem services in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta

Under the background of prominent contradiction between economic construction and environmental protection,it is of great significance to examine the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of regional greenspace system and analyze the effects of human factors on ecological services of greenspace system,which would facilitate the improvement of greenspace resource management and the promotion of sustainable and coordinated development of the region.Based on the methods of landscape ecology and the equivalent factor evaluation of ecological service value,using the spatial analysis function of software Arc GIS 10.2,we analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and ecological service value of the greenspace system in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta from 1990 to 2015.The results showed that:(1)The temporal changes of greenspace landscape area in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta had the stage characteristics,with a trend of first expanding and then decreasing.The transformation between greenspace landscape and other land use types had the characteristics of stage and directionality.As a whole,the landscape pattern of greenspace was homogeneous in the initial stage and heterogeneous in the later stage.(2)The value of greenspace ecosystem services in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta showed significant temporal changes,with different greenspace landscape types having different stage characteristics.Among all the types of ecosystem services,regulation services con-tributed most to the overall ecological service value of the greenspace system.(3)The value of greenspace ecosystem services exhibited imbalance between the north and the south of the region,being higher in the south and lower in the north.Among them,the value of greenspace ecosystem services in Hangzhou was the highest at different stages.Regional topography and geomorphology were important factors affecting the value of regional ecological services.