广东电白人工红树林大型底栖动物群落的功能特征及其影响因子

随着人们对红树林生态价值的重视,近年来全球范围内陆续开展了红树林人工造林活动。以往对红树林造林成效的评价,主要集中在面积、成活率等数量指标上,很少针对红树林的生态功能进行评价。本研究对华南沿海水东湾人工红树林大型底栖动物群落的功能特征进行了调查,并分析其与环境参数的关联性。结果表明:通过1年的野外采样,共记录了5门6纲40种大型底栖动物,不同树种、林型的红树林中大型底栖动物群落的栖息密度、生物量以及功能多样性存在显著差异,无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)人工林与白骨壤(Avicennia marina)天然林的生态功能较为接近。与拉关木(Laguncularia racemosa)人工纯林相比,人工混交林能满足更多功能特征底栖动物的生境利用需求。水土理化性质与某些大型底栖动物的功能性状存在显著的相关性,红树林定居后引起生境中环境参数的改变,是造成大型底栖动物群落多样化的主要原因。

Functional traits of macrobenthic assemblages and their influencing factors in mangrove plantations in Dianbai of Guangdong

With more attention on ecological values of mangroves,mangrove afforestation programs have been continuously implemented globally.Previous evaluation on the effects of mangrove afforestation focused on quantitative aspects,such as afforestation area and survival rate,but few focused on its ecological functions.In this study,we analyzed the functional traits of macrobenthic assemblages and their correlation with environmental factors in mangroves of Shuidong Bay.In total,40 species of macrobenthos from five phyla and six classes were identified in the one-year field sampling.The density,biomass and functional diversities of macrobenthic assemblages were significantly different among different dominant mangroves species and types.The ecological function of Sonneratia apetala plantation was similar to that of Avicennia marina natural forest.Compared to the afforested Laguncularia racemosa monoculture,the mixed plantation can satisfy the habitat demand of more macrobenthic functional groups.The physicochemical properties of soil and water were significantly correlated with some macrobenthic functional traits.Environmental changes caused by mangrove colonization were mainly attributed to the diversification of macrobenthic assemblages.