The marine macroalgae of Helgoland (North Sea): an annotated list of records between 1845 and 1999 |
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Authors: | Inka Bartsch Ralph Kuhlenkamp |
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Institution: | (1) Alfred-Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, PO Box 12 01 61, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany,;(2) Alfred-Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Marine Biological Station Helgoland, PO Box 180, 27483 Helgoland, Germany, |
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Abstract: | The earliest known records of marine macroalgae from Helgoland (German Bight, North Sea) date from the mid-19th century.
Since then, 274 marine macroalgal species have been reported: 77 species of Chlorophycota, 100 species of Phaeophycota and
97 species of Rhodophycota. Additionally 11 species were only recorded as drift and 51 species as doubtful for Helgoland.
The remains of the herbarium of Paul Kuckuck, the first curator for botany at the Helgoland Biological Station between 1892
and 1914, are still located there and consist of 173 macroalgal species from Helgoland. On comparing this 100-year-old herbarium
and other old sources with recent macroalgal records, it became clear that changes in species composition have occurred. After
World War II, several species such as Arthrocladia villosa, Corynophlaea crispa, Cutleria multifida, Eudesme virescens, Mesogloia vermiculata, Sporochnus pedunculatus,
Antithamnion cruciatum, Apoglossum ruscifolium, Chondria dasyphylla, Helminthora divaricata, Jania rubens and Osmundea ramosissima were not found again. Other species such as Dictyota dichotoma, Leathesia difformis, Stictyosiphon soriferus, Helminthocladia calvadosii and Scinaia furcellata became very rare. Significantly, perhaps, most of these species have a heteromorphic life history with the appearance of the macroscopic phase
restricted to (spring and) summer. Many new species of green algae were recorded for Helgoland after 1959, due to new substrata
and the research activities of Peter Kornmann, curator for botany after 1959, and Paul-Heinz Sahling his technical assistant.
Introductions of species during the considered time period were: Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Codium fragile, Mastocarpus stellatus and Sargassum muticum. Type material of the following species is located at the Marine Biological Station at Helgoland: Mikrosyphar porphyrae, Porphyra insolita and Ulva tenera.
Received in revised form: 22 May 2000
Electronic Publication |
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Keywords: | Phycology Macroalgae Helgoland Checklist Biodiversity Change |
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