呼吸道感染病原菌分析

目的 了解老年人院内呼吸道感染与非老年人呼吸道感染病原菌分布情况。方法 回顾性调查１９９８年１月至１２月老年人院内呼吸道感染（老年组）的２８５份痰标本和同时期非老年人呼吸道感染（非老年组,含门诊和住院）的１１９２份痰标本的培养情况。结果 老年组阳性率为８９．１％（２５４／２８５）,其中２２份标本为混合感染,共检出病原菌２７６株,以非发酵菌占绝对优势（９７．８％）;非老年组阳性率为４０．３％（４８０／１１９２）,病原菌无明显集中趋势,非发酵菌２８．３％,肠杆菌科２３．８％,革兰阳性菌２５．０％,真菌２２．９％。结论 老年组阳性率明显高于非老年组（Ｘ＾２＝２１９．６,Ｐ〈０．００５）,病原菌以非发酵菌为主,非老年组病原菌各科细菌所占比例无明显差异,引起呼吸道感染的病原菌主要为条件致病菌。

ANALYSIS OF PATHOGENS OF RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

Objective To evaluate the distribution of pathogens with geriatric patients' respiratory tract infection.Methods Retrospective study of prem cultures of sputum specimens in 285 cases of geriatric patients and 1192 cases of non-geriatric patients form Jan.1998 to Dec/1998.Results The positive rate of geriatric patients was 89.1%(254/285),in which there were 22 mixture infection specimens from 254 sputum ones,isolating 276 strains of pathogens ,non-fermenting was the main cause for nosocomial respiratory tract of geriatric patients at a rate of 97.8%.The positive rate of non-geriatric patients was 40.3%(480/1192),in which there was no obvious concentrations of (480/1192),in which there was no obvious concentrations of pathogens;isolating 136 strains(28.3%)of non-fermenting,114 strains(23.8%)of enter-obacteriaceae,120 strains(25.0%) of gram-positive cocci and 110 strains(22.9%)of fungus.Conclusion The positive of geriatric patients was much higher than non-geriatric patients.Non-fermenting was an import factor for geriatric patients.The factors of non-geriatric patients were varies.The opportunity pathogens are main cause for respiratory tract infection.