丹江口库区梁家岗2号和东岗旧石器地点的调查与发掘

河南淅川梁家岗2号地点和东岗地点位于丹江下游左岸第三级阶地,海拔148~160 m。2009年对两地点进行了发掘,共计揭露面积1425 m²,出土和采集石制品193件。石制品种类可分为石核、石片、石器、断块和残片。原料均取自河滩砾石,岩性主要为脉石英,少量硅质岩。基本为锤击法剥片,个别采用砸击法剥片。石制品长和宽集中在20~80 mm。石器有刮削器、尖状器、砍砸器和手斧等。石器毛坯有近一半为石片,另有一定数量的断块和石核毛坯,个别为砾石毛坯。推测遗存年代在中更新世晚期至晚更新世。

Report of the stone artifacts from the Liangjiagang Locality 2 and the Donggang Paleolithic site in Danjiangkou reservoir region

Danjingkou reservoir is the source of water for the Middle Route Project of the South to-North Water Diversion in China. Liangjiagang locality 2 and Donggang Paleolithic site are located on the 3^rd terrace of left bank of Danjiang River, originally discovered in 1994 and excavated in 2009. The excavation was conducted in an area of 1425 m²where 193 stone artifacts were found. The typology and technological analyses of these stone artifacts reveal that: 1) Lithic raw materials exploited at the two sites were locally available from ancient river gravels in which quartz is dominant. 2) The excavated lithic assemblage includes core, flake, chunk, and stone tool. Stone tool mainly includes scraper that makes up the largest proportion of all the stone tools, point, chopper, handaxe. 3) The flaking technique contains direct hard hammer freehand percussion and bipolar percussion. Freehand cores percussion is dominated by the double-platform and the multi-platform core reduction strategies. 4) Flake blanks were main raw material to make stone tool, other than few chunks or pebbles. Based on the geomorphology and the dating of the sediments from other sites in the Danjiangkou reservoir region, we suggest that the age of the sites is around the late stage of Middle Pleistocene to upper Pleistocene.