利用纳米粒子的光学性质高敏感性检测核酸的研究进展

将纳米粒子的光学性质应用于核酸检测是纳米技术应用的一个重要内容,其检测敏感性可达到10-15mol/L(fmol/L,飞摩尔浓度)或亚飞摩尔浓度水平,而且检测成本低、时间短、具有和PCR类似的敏感性、稳定性好,不需要复杂、大型、昂贵的仪器,使得核酸检测可以走出专业的实验室,在野外、家庭中进行。本文主要综述纳米粒子和核酸的偶联,以及利用纳米粒子的光吸收性质、光散射性质、高强度荧光性质进行核酸检测的应用进展。

Optical Characters of Nanoparticles and Sensitive Detection of Nucleic Acid

The variety of nanoparticle-based techniques for nucleic acid detection has emerged in last decade. The characters of light absorption, light scattering,and high intense fluorescence of nanoparticles are useful ways to sensitive detection nucleic acid, the sensitivity can down to femtomolar or subfemtomolar level. Because of its low cost, requiring simpler or none detection equipment, short time need, and high sensitivity and stability, nanoparticle method promises to bring diagnostics to places PCR is unlikely to go to the battlefield and the home.