Role of the Wnt and GTPase pathways in breast cancer tumorigenesis and treatment |
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| Institution: | 1. Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Iran;2. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Jahrom, Fars, Iran;4. Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;5. Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;6. Kurdistan Immunology & Hematology Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran;7. Stem Cell Research Center and Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;8. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran;9. Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran;10. Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;11. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa;12. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;1. FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy;2. Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy;3. Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine PhD School, II University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy;4. St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;5. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France;6. University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France;7. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA;8. Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy;1. Laboratory of Immunology and Parasite Genomics, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;2. Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interactions Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;3. Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;1. School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China;2. Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi''an 710003, China;3. Department of Emergency, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground Street, Beijing 100091, China;4. School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Rd, Xi’an 710032, China;5. Real World Clinical Research Institute, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China;1. Institut de Génétique Humaine, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France;2. Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus, Denmark;1. The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China;2. Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100730, PR China;3. Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Seventh Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in all the populations of the world. Although the BC mortality rate has declined, resistance to treatment is still a significant challenge for patient survival. Various cellular signaling pathways, such as Wnt and Rho/GTPase have been linked to the development, migration, and metastasis of BC, and also in treatment resistance mechanisms. Some studies have shown an association between two important cellular pathways, Wnt and Rho/GTPase, in cytoskeleton activation and cancer invasion. However, their involvement in BC has received little attention. This review summarizes the Wnt and Rho/GTPases signaling pathway functions, and also the crosstalk between these pathways in the progression, metastasis, and drug resistance mechanisms in BC. Considering the signaling pathways involved in BC tumorigenesis, future studies will need to investigate possible molecular interventions and new opportunities for the development of personalized strategies for BC treatment in order to improve overall outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Wnt signaling pathway Rho/GTPase proteins Breast cancer Resistance to treatment |
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