Recognising bias in Common Era temperature reconstructions |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK;2. Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;3. Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic;4. Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;5. Department of Biology, Chemistry and Geography, University of Québec, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada;6. Department of Geography, University of Québec, Montréal H2X 3R9, Canada;7. Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;8. Forest Research Institute, University of Québec, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Amos J9T 2L8, Canada;9. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;10. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia;11. Department of Geography, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany;12. Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;13. Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;14. Department of History, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;15. Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;p. Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, 15238 Uppsala, Sweden;q. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany;r. Initiative for the Science of the Human Past at Harvard, Department of History, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;s. Max Planck–Harvard Research Centre for Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;t. Institute of Humanities, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia;u. Department of Geography, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;v. Climate and Environmental Physics (CEP), Physics Institute & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | A steep decline in the quality and quantity of available climate proxy records before medieval times challenges any comparison of reconstructed temperature and hydroclimate trends and extremes between the first and second half of the Common Era. Understanding of the physical causes, ecological responses and societal consequences of past climatic changes, however, demands highly-resolved, spatially-explicit, seasonally-defined and absolutely-dated archives over the entire period in question. Continuous efforts to improve existing proxy records and reconstruction methods and to develop new ones, as well as clear communication of all uncertainties (within and beyond academia) must be central tasks for the paleoclimate community. |
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| Keywords: | Climate variation Common Era IPCC Large-scale network Multi-proxy reconstruction Science communication Tree rings |
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