γ-羟基丁酸的分析研究进展

作为高效能的中枢神经抑制剂，γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）其相关物质γ-丁内酯（GBL）和1，4-丁二醇（1，4-BD）的滥用现象越来越严重，由于它们强烈的镇静及健忘效果常常被用作迷奸药，带来了严重的社会问题。由于在体内天然存在GHB，而且其在摄入后消除迅速，这增加了体内GHB及其相关物质的检测和分析评价难度。本文在对GHB及其相关物质的理化性质阐述基础上，综述了它们的提取技术及分析方法研究进展，主要阐述了液．液提取、固相萃取等提取方法与气相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱联用法、高效液相色谱法、液相色谱．质谱联用法、毛细管电泳法等在分析不同检材中GHB及其相关物质的应用，这也为国内法庭案件中GHB及其相关物质的滥用及相关案件提供了可供参考的法庭科学检测、分析研究方法。

Research Advancement on the Analysis of GHB

As a central nervous system depressant, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid （GHB）, its precursors gamma-butyroladone （GBL） and 1, 4-BD have become popular drugs of abuse that have been commonly associated with sexual assaults. Besides the physical chemistry characters, the extraction techniques and the analysis methods of GHB, GBL and 1, 4-BD were also reviewed, especially ex- traction techniques including liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction were discussed in details. Based on the discussions of the extraction techniques, the modem analytical method, including gas chromatography （GC）, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） and capillary elec- trophoresis （CE） were mentioned, which have been widely applied in the identification and determination of GHB and its precursors in different samples, such as urine, blood, hair and so on.