大青山赤松林和黑松林生态适应研究

针对山东省大青山省级自然保护区典型植物群落,设置21个样方,分析主要乔木种群和群落特征.结果表明:1)大青山样方内共发现维管植物111种,其中乔木29种、灌木14种、草本植物68种,群落植物种类少,物种多样性低.2)29种乔木根据径级结构划分为13种扩展种、2种隐退种,5种稳定侵入种、6种随机侵入种和3种随机隐退种.主要乔木种群径级结构型为2种:黑松种群、栓皮栎种群、麻栎种群、小叶朴种群、黄檀种群、君迁子种群和槲树种群为增长型;刺槐种群和赤松种群为稳定型.大青山群落乔木整体上为增长型群落.3)大青山乔木层物种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数从高到低依次为赤松林、黑松林、刺槐林,而Pielou均匀度指数从高到低依次为黑松林、赤松林、刺槐林,显示赤松更适合作为大青山造林树种.

Ecological Adaptation of Red Pine Forest and Black Pine Forest in the Daqing Mountains

In order to investigate the typical plant communities of the Daqing Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve in Shandong Province,21plots were set up to analyze the population and community characteristics of the main trees.A total of 111vascular plants were recorded in the plots of the Daqing Mountains,including 29arbor species,14shrub species and 68herbaceous species,indicating a small number of community plant species and a low species diversity there.According to the diameter-class structure,13of the 29tree species were extended species,2were recessive species,5were stable invaded species,6were randomly invaded species and 3were random recessive species.There were two types of diameter classes of the main tree species,agrowth type and a stable type.The growth type included Pinus thunbergii,Quercus variabilis,Q.acutissima,Celtis bungeana,Dalbergia hupeana,Diospyros lotus,and Q.dentata;The stable type included Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus densiflora.The tree community in the Daqing Mountains was,on the whole,of the growth type.Of the arbor species in the Daqing Mountains,red pine forest had the highest species richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Simpson diversity index,followed by black pine forest and locust forest,while black pine forest had the highest Pielou evenness index,followed by red pine forest and locust forest,demonstrating that red pine is more suitable for afforestation in the Daqing Mountains.