Vocal Repertoire of Golden-backed Uakaris (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cacajao melanocephalus</Emphasis>): Call Structure and Context |
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Authors: | Bruna Martins Bezerra Antonio S Souto Gareth Jones |
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Institution: | (1) School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UG, UK;(2) Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil |
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Abstract: | The study of vocal behavior can reveal important aspects of how and why a species communicates in relation to ecological and
social challenges. We here focus on vocal communication in golden-backed uakaris (Cacajao melanocephalus), diurnal, pitheciine monkeys that exhibit fission-fusion social organization and typically inhabit dense forests that limit
the potential for visual communication. Moreover, the species spends little time engaged in tactile or olfactory communication,
e.g., social grooming and scent marking, respectively. Hence, vocalizations may be very important for the coordination of
social organization in these monkeys. We 1) categorized golden-backed uakari vocalizations, 2) ascertained their behavioral
context, and 3) investigated whether golden-backed uakari calls can encode information about the signaler. We observed the
monkeys during 2 wet seasons in the flooded igapó forest of Jaú National Park, Brazil. We showed that golden-backed uakaris
have 9 call types in their vocal repertoire, all distinguishable by ear and from analysis of spectrograms. Some calls, e.g.,
play-specific calls, were used only in particular behavioral contexts, and by individuals of specific age, whereas others
were emitted under a range of situations. The structure of the loud tchó call varied among individuals, and according to behavioral context, i.e., whether individuals were foraging/feeding, traveling,
or performing agonistic interactions. This knowledge of the species’ vocal repertoire is valuable for surveying the monkeys
acoustically in habitats where visual surveys are difficult. |
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Keywords: | |
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