青海沙蜥消化道组织结构及嗜银细胞研究

为揭示青海沙蜥消化系统的组织结构，探索其高海拔适应的组织学基础，应用解剖学与石蜡切片、H.E染色和Grimelius银染法对青海沙蜥消化道组织结构和嗜银细胞进行研究。结果显示：青海沙蜥的消化道管壁结构分为4层，从内到外依次是粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜。消化道各段的长度和壁厚均存在显著差异，其中小肠最长，胃幽门部的管壁最厚。粘膜皱襞和绒毛的分布也存在差异，空肠部位的小肠绒毛数量最多，其次是十二指肠和回肠。嗜银细胞形状多样，广泛分布在消化道各段的黏膜上皮基部和黏膜上皮之间。胃体是嗜银细胞分布密度最高的部位，其次是贲门，回肠最低。与栖息在低海拔的有鳞类相比，青海沙蜥为适应高海拔环境，小肠的相对长度变长，胃体部嗜银细胞增多。

Histology of and argyrophil cells in digestive tract of Phrynocephalus vlangalii

The histologucal structure and argyrophil cells of digestive tract in Phrynocephalus vlangalii were studied by applying anatomy, paraffin section, H.E staining, and Grimelius staining. The aim was to detect the histological basis of high-altitude adaptation in P. vlangalii. The results showed that the wall of digestive tract consisted of 4 layers, including mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and adventitia. The length and wall thickness of each part varied significantly, with the small intestine was the longest and the pyloric was the thickest. Mucosal folds and the villi also varied among different parts. The number of small intestinal villi in the jejunum was the highest, followed by the duodenum and ileum. The shape of argyrophil cells were diverse, and mainly distributed in the base and gap of the mucosal epithelium. The gastric body was the part with the highest density of argyrophil cells, followed by the cardia, and the lowest was ileum. Compared with the low-altitude squamates, the relative length of small intestine became longer and the number of argyrophilic cell in gastric body increased in P. vlangalii.