Efficacy and side effects of albendazole currently in use against Ascaris,Trichuris and hookworm among school children in Wondo Genet,southern Ethiopia |
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| Institution: | 1. Ambo University, P. O. Box 019, West Shoa, Ethiopia;2. Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;1. Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil;3. Universidade de Uberaba, Brazil;1. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;2. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;3. Division of Experimental Animals, Center for Promotion of Medical Research and Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Tsurumai 65 Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan;1. International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh;2. Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Japan;3. Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi 6000, Bangladesh;4. Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Japan;5. Global COE Program, Nagasaki University, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Monitoring the efficacy of anthelminthic drugs is essential. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole (ABZ) against the major soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection in school children, Wondo Genet, southern Ethiopia. A single fresh stool sample was collected from 298 school children and examined using a duplicate smear of the Kato–Katz method. Children positive for STH infections were treated with single oral dose of 400 mg ABZ and re-examined for intestinal helminth infections 21 days post-treatment. The participants were interviewed for symptoms related with the drug uptake 24 h after ABZ treatment. Children positive for Schistosoma mansoni infections were treated with Praziquantel (40 mg/kg of body weight) after an ABZ treatment follow up survey. 51.3%, 49.7%, 44.6% and 88.3% had hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and any intestinal helminth infection, respectively. Cure rates were 97.4% for hookworm, 96.6% for A. lumbricoides and 30.8% for T. trichiura infections. Egg reduction rates (ERRs) were 99.8% for hookworm, 99.9% for A. lumbricoides and 83.1% for T. trichiura infections. Mild and transient symptoms were observed among the participants which were quite frequent. In conclusion, a 400 mg single oral dose of ABZ was effective against hookworm and A. lumbricoides but less efficacious against T. trichiura infection. The drug resulted in high ERRs for hookworm, A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura. Administration of the drug in repeated doses or in combination with other drugs might be necessary. |
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