Landscape-scale crop diversity interacts with local management to determine ground beetle diversity |
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| Institution: | 1. Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, 223 62 Lund, Sweden;2. Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Ecology Building, 223 62 Lund, Sweden;1. Université de Toulouse, INPT-ENSAT, UMR 1248 AGIR, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France;2. INRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France;3. INRA, UMR 1201 DYNAFOR, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France;4. INRA, UMR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 84000 Avignon, France;5. Université d’Avignon et Pays de Vaucluse, UMR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, F-84000 Avignon, France;6. INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, F-33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France;7. Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France;1. CEBC, UMR 7372CNRS – Université de La Rochelle, F-79360 Villiers en Bois, France;2. LTER, ZA Plaine & Val de Sèvre, CNRS-CEBC, F-79360 Villiers en Bois, France;3. INRA, USC 1339CEBC, F-79360 Villiers en Bois, France;4. IGEPP, UMR 1349 INRA – Agrocampus Ouest, F-35653 Le Rheu, France;5. Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;1. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;2. INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, F-33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France;3. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Strategy and Planning, P.O. Box 7070, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;4. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research – NINA, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;5. The Swedish Museum of Natural History, Section of Entomology, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden;6. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, P.O. Box 7084, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;1. University of Bern, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland;2. Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland;1. Institute of Landscape and Environment (ILU), University of Applied Science Nürtingen-Geislingen, 72622, Nürtingen, Germany;2. Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg Research Center, Aarhus University, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark;3. Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary;4. Landscape Ecology and Vegetation Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany;5. Agroecology, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany;6. Lendület Landscape and Conservation Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary |
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| Abstract: | Crop diversification and maintenance of semi-natural habitats (grasslands and field boundaries) are suggested to enhance farmland biodiversity, but the relative importance of these factors remains poorly known. We evaluated how crop diversity and availability of semi-natural grasslands at a landscape-scale interacted with local farming management (three management types from low to high intensity: ley < winter wheat < sugar beet) in their effect on ground beetle assemblages in southern Sweden. Ground beetle diversity increased with crop diversity either independently of local management (Simpson species diversity), or only in the less intensively managed habitats (rarefied species richness). While ground beetle diversity in leys tended to increase with field boundary length, no such relationship was observed in winter wheat or sugar beet fields. In contrast, the landscape proportions of leys and semi-natural grasslands did not affect ground beetle species richness and diversity. We conclude that (a) semi-natural grasslands and leys may not function as source habitats at a landscape-scale if they comprise a low proportion of the total land-use, while (b) increasing crop diversity is correlated to ground beetle richness and diversity in agricultural landscapes dominated by arable land. The beneficial effect of landscape-scale crop diversification on farmland biodiversity may depend on the general level of agricultural intensity of a region. |
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| Keywords: | Agricultural landscapes Agricultural management Carabidae Crop diversification Landscape heterogeneity Species diversity Species richness Trophic groups |
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