Waterlogging tolerance of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) enhanced by exogenous spermidine and spermine |
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| Authors: | Jinn-Chin Yiu Cheng-Wei Liu Denise Yi-Tan Fang Yu-Shen Lai |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Horticulture, National Ilan University, 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Road, I-Lan, 260, Taiwan, Republic of China;2. Department of Post-Modern Agriculture, Ming Dao University, Chang Hua 523, Taiwan, Republic of China;3. Agriculture and Food Agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan 540, Taiwan, Republic of China;4. Institute of Biotechnology, National Ilan University, Ilan 260, Taiwan, Republic of China;1. Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China;2. Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Art & Science, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11210 Bilecik, Turkey;2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art & Science, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11210 Bilecik, Turkey;1. Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;2. Plant Biotechnology Research Laboratories (PBRL), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;3. Department of Microbial Chemistry, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;1. College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China;2. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China;3. Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, 150038, Heilongjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Soil flooding is a seasonal factor that negatively affects plant performance and crop yields. In order to investigate the effects of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) on the waterlogging stress, it was checked that the content of relative water content (RWC), proline, chlorophyll and malondialdehyde (MDA), net photosynthesis, the rate of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radicals (O2?) generation and the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT) (EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR) (EC 1.6.4.2) in Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L) plants. Pretreatment with 2 mM of Spd and Spm effectively maintained the balance of water content in plant leaves and roots under flooding stress. In addition, the data indicate that the protective role of proline should be considered minimal, as its accumulation was found to be inversely correlated with tolerance to stress; it also significantly retarded the loss of chlorophyll, enhanced photosynthesis, decreased the rate of O2? generation and H2O2 content, and prevented flooding-induced lipid peroxidation. Spd and Spm helped to maintain antioxidant enzyme activities under flooding; however, APX activity was found to increase slightly in response to Spm. The antioxidant system, an important component of the water-stress-protective mechanism, can be changed by PAs, which are able to moderate the radical scavenging system and to lessen in this way the oxidative stress. The results suggest that pretreatment with Spd and Spm prevents oxidative damage, and the protective effect of Spd was found to be greater than that of Spm. |
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