Whole chromosome painting reveals independent origin of sex chromosomes in closely related forms of a fish species |
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| Authors: | Marcelo de Bello Cioffi Antonio Sánchez Juan Alberto Marchal Nadezda Kosyakova Thomas Liehr Vladimir Trifonov Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo |
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| Institution: | 1.Departamento de Genética e Evolu??o,Universidade Federal de S?o Carlos,S?o Carlos,Brazil;2.Departamento de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales,Universidad de Jaén,Jaén,Spain;3.Institute of Human Genetics,Jena University Hospital,Jena,Germany;4.Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS,Novosibirsk,Russia |
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| Abstract: | The wolf fish Hoplias malabaricus includes well differentiated sex systems (XY and X1X2Y in karyomorphs B and D, respectively), a nascent XY pair (karyomorph C) and not recognized sex chromosomes (karyomorph A).
We performed the evolutionary analysis of these sex chromosomes, using two X chromosome-specific probes derived by microdissection
from the XY and X1X2Y sex systems. A putative-sex pair in karyomorph A was identified, from which the differentiated XY system was evolved, as
well as the clearly evolutionary relationship between the nascent XY system and the origin of the multiple X1X2Y chromosomes. The lack of recognizable signals on the sex chromosomes after the reciprocal cross-FISH experiments highlighted
that they evolved independently from non-homologous autosomal pairs. It is noteworthy that these distinct pathways occur inside
the same nominal species, thus exposing the high plasticity of sex chromosome evolution in lower vertebrates. Possible mechanisms
underlying this sex determination liability are also discussed. |
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