家蚕保存系统红色卵的遗传分析

用遗传背景清楚的家蚕Bombyx mori红卵（re）、白卵(w-2、pe)、第4褐卵（b-4）的标志基因系统和正常型黑卵系统与我国家蚕基因库保存的20个红色卵系统杂交，进行顺反测验，分析了它们的卵色支配基因及遗传规律。结果发现：①在03-310系统中存在家蚕卵色新突变pink egg，与红卵re 等位，基因符号为re^p,表型特征为：卵淡红色，成虫蛾眼也为淡红色；②6个系统为红卵（re）的纯合系统，还有５个系统除具有re／re基因型外，还具有支配白色卵或浅红色或橙红色卵的突变基因；③２个系统为第4褐卵（b4）的纯合系统； ④6个系统的红褐色卵为母性影响遗传；⑤发现家蚕卵色基因b-4和r-e的互补关系，b-4/b-4 re/re基因型表现为新的卵色——橙黄色。

Inheritance analysis of red color egg systems preserved in silkworm gene bank in China

The known marker systems of red egg ( re ), white egg (w2 ＆ pe), the fourth brown egg ( b-4 ) and the normal type-black egg of silkworm Bombyx mori were crossed with 20 red egg systems of unknown genes preserved in silkworm gene bank in China, and cis-trans complementary test was conducted to identify the genes controlling their egg color and to study their inheritance. A new mutant gene, pink like egg, an allele of re, designated as re^p, was isolated from 03-310 system. Phenotypically, this mutant was found to be characterized by pink eggs and pink eyes of the moth. Six systems appeared to be homozygous for the genotype of re/re. Five systems had additional genes controlling the white egg, light red egg or orange red egg besides the genotype of re/re. Two systems were confirmed to be homozygotes of the fourth brown egg (b-4). Red brown egg occurred in the other 6 systems and was controlled by maternal inheritance. The two egg color controlling genes b-4 and re were found to be complementary, and the homozygote (b-4/b-4 re/re), a new egg color mutant, appeared as orange egg. 13 Refs. In Chinese.