高山林线形成机制及假说的探讨

高山林线作为森林向苔原过渡的敏感带,历来被生态学家视为生态脆弱区、外界干扰信号的放大器和全球变化重要的预警区.20世纪80年代开始,许多研究关注全球变化对高山林线的影响,这一阶段针对林线海拔高度、纬度位置之间的关系及对未来热环境的响应研究已成为众多学者研究的焦点之一.众多学者依据自身研究目的、不同树种出现上限的原因、局部上影响林木的因子间的差异,在区域上对高山林线的形成机制的提出了诸多假说.本文针对这些假说进行了综述和探讨,并就其中不足之处提出质疑,提出今后需要深入研究的几个方向.

Abstract：

As a sensitive transitional zone between forest and tundra, timberline has always been considered by ecologists to be an ecologically fragile zone, an amplifier of outside interference signals, and a global climate change early warning zone. Since the 1980s, many studies have been made on the effects of global climate change on alpine timberline, mainly addressed the re-lationships of the upper limits of timberline with altitude and latitude, and in particular, the re-sponses of timberline location to global warming. Several hypotheses were proposed to examine the timberline formation of various tree species affected by environmental factors. This paper sum-marized these hypotheses, and discussed some potential studies in the future.

Hypotheses of alpine timberline formation mechanism: A review

As a sensitive transitional zone between forest and tundra, timberline has always been considered by ecologists to be an ecologically fragile zone, an amplifier of outside interference signals, and a global climate change early warning zone. Since the 1980s, many studies have been made on the effects of global climate change on alpine timberline, mainly addressed the re-lationships of the upper limits of timberline with altitude and latitude, and in particular, the re-sponses of timberline location to global warming. Several hypotheses were proposed to examine the timberline formation of various tree species affected by environmental factors. This paper sum-marized these hypotheses, and discussed some potential studies in the future.