Karyomorphological analyses and heterochromatin characteristics disclose phyletic relationships among 2n = 32 and 2n = 36 species ofOrchis (Orchidaceae) |
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Authors: | Saverio D'Emerico Domenico Pignone Pasqua Bianco |
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Institution: | (1) Istituto di Botanica, Università di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy;(2) Istituto del Germoplasma, Via Amendola 165/A, I-70126 Bari, Italy |
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Abstract: | The karyotypes of eight taxa ofOrchis L. with 2n = 32 and 2n = 36 have been investigated using morphometrical measurements following staining with Feulgen, Giemsa (C-banding) and the DNA specific fluorochrome Hoechst 33258. The karyotypes ofO. coriophora subsp.fragrans, andO. papilionacea proved to be the most asymmetrical, whileO. morio andO. longicornu exhibited the most symmetrical karyotypes. Using C-banding and the fluorochrome H33258 only the taxa with high asymmetry indices showed the presence of differentially stained chromatin bands. In most chromosomes heterochromatin bands were present at the telomeric position. The present results seem to indicate that the analysed species do not form a homogeneous group and further subdivisions are possible, which, in turn, do not always correlate with divisions based on morphological characters. Both karyomorphology and heterochromatin distribution coincide in indicating a possible evolutionary pathway. |
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Keywords: | Orchidaceae Orchis Karyotypes chromosomal indices Giemsa C-banding fluorochrome Hoechst 33258 karyotype evolution |
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