黄海海域海洋沉积物细菌多样性分析

【背景】海洋独特的环境造就了海洋生物的多样性,海洋沉积物中细菌对海洋环境具有至关重要的作用。【目的】研究陆地土壤和海洋沉积物间细菌群落相似性和差异性,以便更好地认识海洋细菌多样性,深入了解沉积物细菌在海洋环境中的潜在作用。【方法】从中国黄海海域及大连市大黑山脚下分别采集样品,以陆地土壤为对照,采用16SrRNA基因高通量测序技术分析海洋沉积物的细菌群落结构。【结果】海洋沉积物样品中芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)丰度高于陆地土壤样品;海洋沉积物中亚硝化单胞菌(unculturedbacterium f. Nitrosomonadaceae)和厌氧绳菌(uncultured bacterium f. Anaerolineaceae)丰度虽低于陆地土壤,但丰度值也均高于1%;样品分类学统计显示酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)在海洋沉积物和陆地土壤样品中的序列丰度比例都较大,鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)在海洋沉积物样品中的序列丰度大于陆地土壤样品。【结论】海洋沉积物细菌多样性可作为海洋环境恢复情况的重要指标,研究为合理开发和利用海洋资源提供理论依据。

Bacterial diversity of marine sediments in the Yellow Sea

Background] The unique environment of the ocean creates a diversity of marine life, and bacteria in marine sediments play a vital role in the marine environment. Objective] To study the similarities and differences of bacterial communities between terrestrial soil and marine sediments, so as to better understand the diversity of marine bacteria and the potential role of sediment bacteria in the marine environment. Methods] Marine sediment samples and terrestrial soil samples were collected from the Yellow Sea waters of China and the Dahei Mountain in Dalian by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. The bacterial community structure of marine sediments was analyzed by using terrestrial soil as a control. Results] The abundance of Bacilli, Sphingomonas and Bacillus in marine sediment samples was higher than that in terrestrial soil samples. The abundance of uncultured bacterium f. Nitrosomonadaceae, and uncultured bacterium f. Anaerolineaceae in marine sediments is lower than that in terrestrial soil, but the abundance values are also higher than 1%. Sample taxonomic statistics show that the sequence abundance ratio of Acidobacteria in marine sediments and terrestrial soil samples is large, and the sequence abundance of Sphingomonas in marine sediment samples is greater than that of terrestrial soil samples. Conclusion] Marine sediment bacteria diversity can be used as an important index of marine environment recovery, the study provides theoretical basis for rational development and utilization of marine resources.