3-脱氢莽草酸生物合成的代谢工程

3-脱氢莽草酸，是芳香族氨基酸生物合成代谢途径中一种重要的中间产物，可作为一些化学合成制剂和药物中间原料。这样以无毒可再生物质为起始原料的合成方法与传统的有机合成化学制剂的方法相比，对环境更加有利。此外，它还是一种十分有效的抗氧化剂。工业上一般采用化学合成法和发酵法来生产3-脱氢莽草酸，随着代谢工程的兴起，使得更加理性改造菌株成为可能，这更加促进了发酵法的广泛应用。本文主要介绍了代谢工程在生物合成3-脱氢莽草酸生产菌改造中的应用情况，其中涉及3-脱氢莽草酸生物合成途径中相关基因及其酶的调控、中心代谢途径的改造和3-脱氢莽草酸合成支路的修饰等，并探讨了将来的发展前景。

Metabolic Engineering in Biosynthesis of 3-dehydroshikimic acid

3-Dehydroshikimic acid(DHS) is an intermediate in the pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and is shown to serve as a suitable starting compound for the renewable production of a variety of industrial chemicals.The biocatalysis using renewable material as feedstocks has less environmental pollution compared with traditional chemical synthesis.In addition,DHS can be used as a potent antioxidant.Chemical synthesis and fermentive method is the major industrial way to produce DHS,and microbial rational modification based on the development of metabolic engineering made the fermentive method more widely used.Metabolic engineering in improving DHS-producing microorganisms is reviewed,involving the regulation of genes and enzymes in biosynthesis pathway of DHS,reconstruction on central metabolism and modification in DHS biosynthesis branch,moreover,the prospect of DHS production is also mentioned.