膳食脂肪、肠道微生物与宿主健康的研究进展

作为三大主要营养物质之一，膳食脂肪为人体提供能量和营养。膳食脂肪摄入不当会破坏肠道微生物的稳态，影响宿主的代谢状况，增加慢性疾病发生的风险。建立疾病动物模型是研究肠道微生物与宿主健康的重要手段。文中综述了膳食脂质的数量和种类、肠道微生物和宿主代谢之间的相互作用及其可能的作用机制，阐述了基于不同的疾病动物模型，膳食脂质影响肠道微生物的结构和功能，以及对宿主代谢的调节，为深入了解膳食脂质、肠道微生态和宿主健康三者之间的关系提供了依据。

Crosstalk among dietary lipids, gut microbiome, and host metabolic health

As one of the three major nutrients, dietary lipids provide energy and nutrition for human. The quantity and quality of dietary lipids affect the composition of gut microbiota, which consequently may affect the host metabolic health. Development of disease animal models is an important approach to study the relationship between gut microbiota and human metabolic health. In this review, we discussed the types of dietary lipids, and summarized how dietary lipids affect the composition of gut microbiota and regulate the metabolic health of animal models. The clarification of potential underlying mechanisms will shed lights on future research in other live systems including human.