SPF大鼠感染金黄色葡萄球菌原因的调查分析

目的连续监测某实验动物饲养场SPF大鼠携带的金黄色葡萄球菌Staphylococcus aureus(SA)情况,结合该饲养场环境、人员等检测结果,查找污染源,为保障和提高实验动物质量提供依据。方法2011—2017年依据《实验动物金黄色葡萄球菌检测方法(GB/T 14926.14-2001)》对SPF大鼠进行SA监测,并采集饲养环境和饲养人员的样本进行检测。对所有分离的SA菌株应用金黄色葡萄球菌A蛋白(SPA)基因分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型,分析污染源。结果35份SPF大鼠检出16株SA,检出率45.71%;18份饲养环境和饲养人员样本检出2株SA,检出率11.11%。SPA分型可分成5个型别,T2360为优势型别,主要由2013年和2017年SPF大鼠中的菌株组成。PFGE有5种带型,SA4为主要带型。饲养环境中SA的PFGE带型与2017年SPF大鼠中的完全一致。结论饲养环境中存在的SA与SPF大鼠感染的SA具有紧密联系。

Investigation and Analysis of the Cause of Staphylococcus aureus Infection in SPF Rats

Objective To explore the cause of contamination and provide a basis for ensuring and improving the quality of laboratory animals.Methods The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus(SA) in SPF rats in an experimental animal farm, the environment, and the rearing staff were continuously monitored during 2011-2017 according to the National Standard(GB/T 14926.14-2001). All the isolated SA strains were classified by Staphylococcus aureus protein A(SPA) typing and pulse field electrophoresis(PFGE) to trace the pollutant source.Results A total of 16 SA strains were detected from 35 SPF rats with an isolation rate of 45.71%. Moreover, two SA strains were isolated from 18 samples of feeding environment and rearing staff, and among of which, one strain was detected in the air of the breeding room, and one strain was isolated from the nasopharyngeal swab of the rearing staff. The result of SPA typing showed that the obtained SA strains could be divided into 5 types. T2360 was the dominant type, which composed of strains from SPF rats in 2013 and 2017. Additionally, all the SA strains were divided into 5 types as determined by PFGE typing, and SA4 was found to be the main type. The PFGE pattern of SA isolated from the air of breeding room was identical to that from SPF rats in 2017.Conclusion The contamination of SA in SPF rats in the experimental animal farm is closely related to the spreading of SA in the air of breeding room.