基于主体功能区划的湖南省生态系统服务供需关系演变

生态系统服务供需关系研究是自然资源开发和生态环境保护空间差异化管控的重要依据，基于主体功能区划视角的研究对构建生态安全格局、促进区域经济可持续发展具有重要意义。以湖南省各县域为研究单元构建湖南省生态系统服务供需评估指数，运用ESSD系数、局部空间自相关等方法，将湖南省主体功能区划实施前（2006-2011年）和实施后（2012-2017年）两个时间段作对比，分析生态系统服务供需关系的时空变化及空间相关性特征。研究结果表明：（1）主体功能区划政策对湖南省有效保护生态系统，稳定供需关系产生积极导向作用。（2）湖南省生态系统服务供需系数存在显著的空间异质性，始终呈现西高东低的空间分布特征。各类功能区的生态系统服务供需关系存在较大差异，重要开发区主要表现为供不应求，重要生态功能区主要表现为供过于求，农产品主产区主要表现为供需均衡。（3）湖南省生态系统服务供需关系空间负相关性增强，生态系统服务供需空间平衡性差异加剧。

Evolution of supply and demand relationship of ecosystem services in Hu'nan Province based on main function zoning

Study of ecosystem service supply and demand is an important basis for spatially differentiated control of natural resource development and ecological environmental protection. Research based on the perspective of main function zoning is of great significance for constructing ecological security patterns and promoting sustainable development of regional economy. Taking each county in Hu''nan Province as the research unit, we constructed an Ecosystem service supply and demand coefficient (ESSD). Then, we used the ESSD and the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) to compare two time periods before (2006-2011) and after (2012-2017) the implementation of the main function zoning in Hu''nan Province, aiming to analyze the spatial and temporal variability and spatial correlation characteristics of the supply and demand of ecosystem services. The results showed that:(1) the main function zoning policy had positive guiding effect on protecting the ecosystem and stabilizing the relationship between supply and demand in Hu''nan Province. (2) The ESSD in Hu''nan Province had significantly spatial heterogeneity, showing the spatial distribution characteristics of high in the west and low in the east. There were large differences in the supply and demand of ecosystem services in various functional zones, with key development zones, key ecological functional zones and agricultural production zones mainly showing under-supply, oversupply and balanced supply and demand, respectively. (3) The negatively spatial correlation between supply and demand of ecosystem services in Hu''nan Province had increased, and the difference in spatial equilibrium had intensified.