In vivo antioxidant role of astaxanthin under oxidative stress in the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis |
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Authors: | M Kobayashi |
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Institution: | (1) Research Laboratory of Higashimaru Shoyu Co. Ltd., 100-3, Tominaga, Tatsuno, Hyogo, 679-4193, Japan e-mail: makoba@tatsuno.or.jp Fax: +81-791-634852, JP |
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Abstract: | Intracellular production of active oxygen in the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis was studied by measuring the capacity for in vivo conversion of 2′,7′-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate to the fluorescent
dye dichlorofluorescein in different algal cell types (i.e., vegetative, immature cyst and mature cyst cells). The increase
in formation of dichlorofluorescein by methyl viologen (superoxide anion radical generator) was linear for 2 h in immature
cyst cells (low astaxanthin) in a methyl viologen-concentration-dependent manner, while no production was detected in mature
(high astaxanthin) cysts. Compared to cyst cells, formation of dichlorofluorescein in vegetative cells (no astaxanthin) was
markedly increased by methyl viologen. The formation of dichlorofluorescein in cyst cells was decreased with higher astaxanthin
content under excessive oxidative stress. All of the active oxygen species tested (singlet oxygen, superoxide anion radical,
hydrogen peroxide and peroxy radical) at 10−3 M increased the intracellular dichlorofluorescein formation in immature cysts, but did not increase the dichlorofluorescein
content of mature cysts. Therefore, astaxanthin in cyst cells appeared to function as an antioxidant agent against oxidative
stress.
Received: 26 January 2000 / Received revision: 5 April 2000 / Accepted: 1 May 2000 |
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