Field nursery inoculation of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. seedling rootstock with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi |
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Authors: | A Ikram A W Mahmud M N Ghani M T Ibrahim A B Zainal |
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Institution: | (1) Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia, P.O. Box 10150, 50908 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;(2) Present address: Prang Besar Research Station, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia |
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Abstract: | The growth response of Hevea brasiliensis to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi inoculation was assessed in two field nursery sites containing indigenous
mycorrhizal fungi (IMF). Seedling rootstocks were inoculated with mixed VAM-fungal species in a factorial combination with
phosphorus (P) fertilizer application, and planted in randomised blocks on sandy (site 1) and clayey (site 2) soils. Plants
were harvested after 26 weeks for measurements of shoot dry weight (DW), stem diameter, height, mycorrhizal root colonization
and leaf nutrient contents. At site 1, VAM increased shoot DW, stem diameter and plant height only in treatments without P
applied. Increases in shoot DW due to VAM were 70% greater than the uninoculated controls although this was reduced to 5%
when P was applied. At site 2, VAM inoculation also increased shoot DW and stem diameter but the magnitude of the increases
was smaller. Shoot DW response due to VAM was only 29%. At this second site, applying phosphate to uninoculated plants did
not increase shoot yields further. Leaf concentrations of all nutrients were unaffected by VAM at both sites, except for copper
(Cu) which was increased by VAM in treatments where P was not applied. However, leaf contents of P, potassium (K), magnesium
(Mg) and Cu were increased by VAM at site 1, and of leaf nitrogen (N) and K at site 2. These experiments demonstrate that
VAM-fungi could be introduced into field nursery sites to improve growth and P uptake by H. brasiliensis. The relevance of VAM-fungi to H. brasiliensis seedling rootstock development and the influence of IMF in determining field responses is discussed. |
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Keywords: | clay field nursery Hevea brasiliensis phosphate sandy clay loam triple superphosphate VAM-fungi |
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