The kinetics of YOYO-1 intercalation into single molecules of double-stranded DNA |
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Authors: | Reuter Marcel Dryden David T F |
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Institution: | a Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan b Forensic Pathology and Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan c Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan d Department of Regulation Biology, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan |
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Abstract: | Recent studies have suggested that treatment of glucocorticoid to immature growth hormone (GH)-producing cell line, MtT/S cells, dramatically induced the accumulation of GH-containing secretory granules in the cytosol and differentiated into mature GH-producing cells. However, the molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced GH-containing secretory granule biogenesis in the MtT/S cells remains unknown. In the present study, we found that GH mRNA expression was facilitated by application of glucocorticoid. We artificially increased GH synthesis by transfection of green fluorescent protein-tagged GH (GH-GFP) gene. We found that the artificial elevation of GH expression in the cells did not accumulate the secretory granules in the cytosol, whereas glucocorticoid-induced the biogenesis of granules in GH-GFP-expressing MtT/S cells. We next performed DNA microarray and real-time RT-PCR analysis and found that glucocorticoid significantly altered the expression of membrane trafficking-related protein, syntaxin11 (Syx11). Immunocytochemical analysis further demonstrated that Syx11 positive structures were well colocalized with GH-containing granules in both MtT/S cells and rat anterior pituitary gland. Our findings indicate that glucocorticoid regulate the expression of Syx11 and facilitate the biogenesis and the trafficking of GH-containing granules in the MtT/S cells. |
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Keywords: | Corticosterone Endocrine cells Glucocorticoid Golgi complex Growth hormone Syntaxin11 |
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