15个小麦农家品种抗叶锈基因分析

本研究旨在明确小麦农家品种中可能含有的抗叶锈病基因,为抗源的选择和利用提供理论依据。以15个小麦农家品种、感病对照品种郑州5389和36个含有已知抗叶锈病基因的载体品种为材料,苗期接种19个具有鉴别力的叶锈菌生理小种进行基因推导,同时利用12个与抗叶锈病基因紧密连锁的分子标记进行分析。为明确其成株期抗性,分别于2016-2017年和2017-2018年在河北保定对小麦农家品种、感病对照品种郑州5389与慢锈品种SAAR进行田间接种,调查并记录田间严重度及普遍率。基因推导和分子标记检测结果显示,在15个小麦农家品种中共检测到7个抗叶锈病基因,其中部分品种还有多个抗性基因,如红狗豆含有Lr1和Lr46;黄花麦含有Lr13和Lr34;大白麦含有Lr14b和Lr26;洋麦含有Lr37和Lr46;成都光头含有Lr34和Lr46;墨脱麦和西山扁穗含有Lr26和Lr46。部分品种含有1个成株期慢叶锈病抗性基因,如同家坝小麦、武都白茧儿、边巴春麦-6、白花麦含有Lr34;红抢麦、白扁穗和白火麦含有Lr46。这些携带有效抗叶锈病基因的农家品种,可为小麦抗叶锈病育种提供抗源。

Analysis of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in 15 Wheat Landraces

The objective of this study is to determine the potential resistance genes in wheat landraces and provide reference information for the selection and utilization of leaf rust resistance resources.In this study,15 wheat landraces,susceptible control Zhengzhou 5389 and 36 resistance donor lines were tested for leaf rust resistance.The genotypes were tested in the greenhouse to 19 Puccinia triticina pathotypes for a seedling resistance,and in the field to a mixed pathotypes for slow rusting resistance in two cropping seasons(2016-2017 and 2017-2018)in Baoding,Hebei province.Meanwhile,twelve molecular markers targeting the resistance loci were used for genotyping in wheat cultivars.Resulted from the resistance spectra and marker analysis,seven leaf rust resistance genes were detected in 15 landraces.For instance,the landrace Honggoudou may contain both Lr1 and Lr46;Huanghuamai may have both Lr13 and Lr34;Dabaimai may carry Lr14 b and Lr26;Yangmai may carry Lr37 and Lr46;Chengduguangtou may carry Lr34 and Lr46.Two resistance genes Lr26 and Lr46 were found to be present in genotypes Motuomai and Xishanbiansui.Furthermore,the slowing rust resistance gene Lr34 was detected in Tongjiabaxiaomai,Wudubaijianer,Bianbachunmai-6 and Baihuamai,while another partial resistance gene Lr46 was detected in Hongqiangmai,Baibiansui and Baihuomai.These genotypes effective against leaf rust might provide resistance genes for disease-resistant breeding in hexaploid wheat.