Response ofZea mays andLycopersicon esculentum to the ethylene precursors,L-methionine and L-ethionine applied to soil |
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Authors: | Muhammad Arshad W T Frankenberger |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Soil and Environmental Science, University of California, 92521 Riverside, CA, USA |
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Abstract: | Glasshouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of L-methionine (L-MET) and L-ethionine (L-ETH) added to soil
on the growth of corn (Zea mays L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), respectively. The application of L-MET and L-ETH stimulated C2H4 production in soil by 299- and 313-fold, respectively, over an unamended control. An L-MET treatment of 1.85 mg kg−1 soil was the most effective in increasing shoot height, shoot fresh weight, internodal distance, and stem diameter in two
corn cultivars, Kandy Korn and Miracle, while shoot and root dry weights, leaf width, uppermost leaf collar base distance
and resistance to stem breaking were increased in the case of Kandy Korn only. A significant epinastic response was observed
in the second and third leaves of tomato plants when soil was treated with L-ETH. An L-ETH treatment of 0.2 mg kg−1 soil resulted in the maximum fresh fruit yield, while 0.02 and 2.0 mg kg−1 gave the most fruit and greater average weight of fresh fruit, respectively. Concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 2.0 mg
L-ETH kg−1 soil initiated early fruit formation. Early fruit ripening was observed with an application rate of 20 mg L-ETH kg−1 soil. The mechanism of action of these chemicals could either be attributed to i) substrate-dependent C2H4 production in soil by the indigenous microflora, ii) uptake directly by plant roots followed by metabolism within the tissues,
and/or iii) a change in the balance of rhizosphere microflora affecting plant growth. |
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Keywords: | maize plant growth regulating substances plant hormones substrate-dependent C2H4 production tomato |
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