Mitotic chromosome doubling of plant tissues in vitro |
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Authors: | E Dhooghe K Van Laere T Eeckhaut L Leus J Van Huylenbroeck |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Caritasstraat 21, 9090 Melle, Belgium |
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Abstract: | In vitro chromosome doubling can be induced by several antimitotic agents. The most commonly used are colchicine, oryzalin
and trifluralin. The process of induced chromosome doubling in vitro consists of a typical succession of sub-processes, including
an induction phase and a confirmation protocol to measure the rate of success. The induction step depends on a large number
of variables: media, antimitotic agents, explant types, exposure times and concentrations. Flow cytometry is the pre-eminent
method for evaluation of the induced polyploidization. However, alternative confirmation methods, such as chromosome counts
and morphological observations, are also used. Since polyploidization has many consequences for plant growth and development,
chromosome doubling has been intensively studied over the years and has found its way to several applications in plant breeding.
This review gives an overview of the common methods of chromosome doubling in vitro, the history of the technique, and progress
made over the years. The applications of chromosome doubling in a broader context are also discussed. |
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