Cellular cadmium distribution in the common winkle,Littorina littorea (L.) determined by X-ray microprobe analysis and histochemistry |
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Authors: | J A Marigómez M P Cajaraville E Angulo |
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Institution: | (1) Zitologi eta Histologi Laborategia, Biologia Zelularra eta Zientzi Morfologikoen Saila, Zientzi Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 644 P.K., 48080 Bilbo, Spain |
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Abstract: | Summary Various tissues of common winkles,Littorina littorea (L.), experimentally exposed to cadmium (Cd) chloride were examined using light and electron microscopy and their elemental
composition determined by X-ray microanalysis and histochemistry. Membrane granules in gill epithelial cells with paddle cilia
contain carbonates, phosphates and sulphides associated with different cations in different types of granules. Traces of Cd
have been found only in those granules containing sulphur and iron. Nephrocytes also contain small amounts of this metal in
the cytoplasm of excretory cells. X-ray microanalysis reveals that concretions of basophilic cells are minor sites for Cd
sequestration while BTAN-ASSG stain for unbound Cd indicates that most of the Cd is located within the lysosomes of digestive
cells in association with proteins. Low amounts of the metal have been evidenced in the granules of epithelial mantle cells
rich in sulphur. The results also indicate that hemocytes contain granules of calcium phosphate and iron sulphide. Cd is also
associated to sulphur rather than to phosphate. These hemocytes may act as Cd carrier from gills to kidney and digestive gland.
A hypothetical pathway for Cd accumulation and detoxification is suggested. |
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