A phylogenetic study of titi monkeys,genusCallicebus, based on cranial measurements: I. Phyletic groups ofCallicebus |
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Authors: | Shuji Kobayashi |
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Institution: | (1) Japan Monkey Centre, Kanrin, Inuyama, 484 Aichi, Japan |
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Abstract: | Examinations of 23 forms ofCallicebus were made to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships based on cranial measurements. Multivariate statistical methods of
distance analysis utilizing Q-mode correlation coefficients and principal component analysis were employed. As a result, the
following five distinct groups were recognized morphometrically among the 23 species and subspecies: theDonacophilus, Cupreus, Moloch, Personatus, andTorquatus groups. Moreover, the phenetic characters of cranial size, karyotype, pelage coloration, and geographic range were consistent
with the results of this group classification. It could be safely concluded therefore that these groups represented phylogenetically
independent groups, in view of the fact that the rate of character differentiation was not appreciably different among closely
related groups. Of the five groups, thePersonatus andTorquatus groups were respectively considered to maintain a higher peculiarity of character differentiation within theCallicebus phylogeny, since these two groups individually displayed the higher magnitudes of differentiation in both their craniometric
shape and some phenetic features. Conversely, the other three groups were considered to be closer to each other in theCallicebus phylogeny. |
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Keywords: | Callicebus Multivariate analysis Cranial measurements Shape factor Phylogeny |
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