新疆农田系统瓢虫资源调查与多样性研究

为全面了解新疆农田系统瓢虫资源组成以及多样性结构差异,本研究采用网捕法于2018年、2019年连续两年对新疆11个地州50个县/市/区15种农作物生境的406个采集点开展了瓢虫资源系统调查.结果表明:共获7001号瓢虫标本,隶属3亚科13属26种,其中多异瓢虫Hippodamia variegata为绝对优势种类,其个...

Investigation and diversity of ladybug resources of farmland system in Xinjiang

In order to fully understand the composition and diversity of ladybug resources in Xinjiang farmland system, a systematic survey of ladybug resources was conducted at 406 collection points of 15 crop habitats in 50 countries/cities/districts in 11 prefectures in 2018 and 2019 by using the net capture method. The results showed that 7 001 ladybug specimens were collected, belonging to 26 species of 13 genera in 3 subfamilies. Among them, Hippodamia variegata was the dominant species, with the individual number up to 55.11%, Stethorus punctillum, Propylea japonica and 10 others were common species. The diversity analysis of ladybug communities in different habitats showed that the richness index (5.598150, 7.546581), diversity index (0.874884, 0.708508)and evenness index (0.661678, 0.544575)of alfalfa and wheat fields were all higher, but the dominance index was only 0.224261 and 0.342884 respectively. Diversity index, richness index and evenness index in soybean fields and watermelon field were significantly lower than those of other habitat types (P<0.05), but the dominance index was much higher than other habitat, only 0.663091 and 0.658502 respectively, it could be seen that alfalfa field, wheat field were rich in ladybug species and distributed even, while soybean fields and watermelon fields were relatively poor in ladybug species, and distributed uneven. Diversity analysis of ladybug communities in different regions showed that the richness index (7.363638), diversity index (0.970345)and evenness index (0.712583)in Yili were the highest, but the dominance index was only 0.135821. The diversity index, richness index and evenness index of Aksu region were significantly lower than those of other prefectures, but the dominance index was much higher than that of other prefectures (0.663477). It could be seen that the number of species and individuals of ladybug in Yili prefecture was the most abundant and distributed even, while the species in Aksu region was relatively scant and distributed uneven. In different elevations ladybug community diversity analysis indicates that diversity index and richness index of farmland ladybug community at 300 m~1 300 m above sea level were significantly higher than that of elevations, and the richness and diversity index of the beetles community at low altitude (-130 m~300 m)or high altitude (1 600 m~2 800 m)were low, but the dominance index was higher, which indicates that ladybug species within 300 m~1 300 m above sea level was more abundant, but the ladybug species and individuals in the lowest or highest elevations relatively poor.This study basically clarified the composition and diversity of ladybug resources in Xinjiang farmland system, which has important value in ecosystem and biodiversity conservation, and providing rich predatory natural enemy ladybug resources for biological control.