鸭前胰岛素原基因多态性及其与屠体性状的关联分析

以384只北京鸭 (Z2系、Z4系、Z2×Z4杂交系)和樱桃谷鸭为材料, 利用PCR-SSCP结合测序技术, 对前胰岛素原基因外显子2与部分内含子的多态性进行了研究, 并分析对屠体性状的遗传效应。结果发现存在2个单核苷酸突变位点, 即在第179位和第195位分别发生了T→C和C→T的突变。适合性χ2检验结果表明, 北京鸭各品系和樱桃谷鸭均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。最小二乘分析SNPs与屠体性状的关系表明, 在北京鸭3个品系中, 基因型 BB 在胴体重、全净膛重和胸肌重上极显著(P<0.01)高于基因型AA和AB, 在腿肌重和皮脂重上极显著(P<0.01)高于基因型AB; 基因型AA在皮脂率和全净膛重上极显著(P<0.01)和显著(P<0.05)高于基因型AB。而对于樱桃谷鸭, 只有AB型在皮脂重和腹脂重上显著(P<0.05)高于基因型AA。研究结果表明, 鸭前胰岛素原基因多态性与鸭的部分屠体性状存在显著相关性, 且B等位基因有利于增加鸭的胴体重和胸肌重。

Genetic variance of duck preproinsulin gene and its cor-relations to the traits of carcasses

Genetic polymorphisms of exon 2 and partial intron of preproinsulin gene were studied in Peking duck and Cherry Valley duck by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing technologies. Two single nucleotide mutations, T179C and C195T, were found, respectively. chi2 test reflects that the tested population of Peking duck and Cherry Valley duck were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state (P>0.05). The relationships between SNPs and the traits of carcasses were analyzed by the least square analysis, which showed that the genotype BB in three lines of Peking duck was significantly higher in carcass weight, carcass net weight and breast muscle weight than AA and BB (P<0.01) and significantly higher in leg muscle weight and sebum weight than AB (P<0.01). In addition, the genotype AA was significantly greater than AB in sebum rate (P<0.01) and carcass net weight (P<0.05), respectively. However, for Cherry Valley duck, only the genotype AB was significantly higher than AA in sebum weight and abdomen fat weight (P<0.05). The results indicated that there was significant correlation between the genetic polymorphisms of preproinsulin gene and the traits of duck carcasses and the allele B was valuable for increasing the carcass weight and breast muscle weight.