肝硬化患者肠道菌群失衡的研究现状

肝硬化是我国的一种常见病，近年来越来越多的研究表明肝硬化及其并发症（如门静脉高压、自发性腹膜炎、肝性脑病及肝癌等）都与肠道菌群失衡有着密切的联系。肝脏和肠道通过“肠—肝轴”紧密联系在一起，肝硬化时因小肠细菌过度生长、肠黏膜屏障功能受损、机体免疫功能下降等因素，导致细菌移位、肠道微生态失衡。而肠道微生态失衡又会使肝功能障碍进一步发展，引起肝性脑病等并发症。本文就目前国内外对肝硬化及其并发症与肠道细菌及真菌菌群失衡的研究进行综述。

The research on gut microbiota dysbiosis inliver cirrhosis patients: Current status

Liver cirrhosis is a kind of common diseases in China. Nowadays, more and more researches had demonstrated that the gut microbiota dysbiosis was associated closely with liver cirrhosis and its complications. In this article, we described the features of the complex interaction between gut microbiota and liver, i.e. the so called ”gut-liver axis”. In cirrhosis, the overgrowth of bacteria and the dysfunction of intestinal mucosa and immune system result in bacteria translocation and gut microbiota imbalance. On the contrary, the gut microbiota dysbiosis deteriorates the function of liver and results in the occurrence of the complications. This review aims to summarize the researches on the role of bacterial and fungal microbiota in liver cirrhosis and its complications.