16周有氧运动对中老年baPWV及ABI的影响

目的：探讨16周有氧运动锻炼对中老年动脉硬化的干预作用及相关机制。方法：以27名中老年人为研究对象，平均年龄（62.70 ±3.26）岁，采用每次60 min、每周6次，共16周的广场舞/太极拳进行锻炼，分别测试锻炼前和锻炼8周末、16周末受试者收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、左肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度（L-baPWV）、右肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度（R-baPWV）、左踝臂血压指数（L-ABI）和右踝臂血压指数（R-ABI）的变化，并检测血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）等相关指标的变化。结果：①与运动前相比，有氧运动锻炼8周末R-baPWV、R-ABI下降，16周末则L-baPWV、R-baPWV、R-ABI、L-ABI均呈显著性下降（P<0.01）；②与运动前比，8周末SBP和DBP显著下降（P<0.05），16周末SBP、DBP和脉压差则显著降低（P<0.01，P<0.05）；③与运动前相比，在8周末、16周末受试者TC、LDL-c均显著降低（P<0.01），HDL-c、TG在8周末和16周末的变化则无统计学意义；④与试验前相比，8周末血清SOD、GSH-Px、MDA无明显变化，16周末血清SOD、GSH-Px活性呈显著性升高、而血清MDA含量则呈显著性下降（P<0.01）。结论：通过16周有氧运动，可明显降低中老年人baPWV和ABI水平，调节血压、血脂及过氧化脂质水平，进而可能对动脉硬化程度起到一定的改善作用。

Effects of 16 week aerobic exercise on baPWV and ABI of middle-aged and elderly patients

Objective:To investigate the interventional effects of 16-week aerobic exercises on the elderly's arteriosclerosis and its mechanism. Methods:Twenty-seven elderly people with the average age of 62. 70 ±3. 26 joined a 16-week square dance/taijiquan exercise program that conducted 60 minutes each time, six times per week. Arterial stiffness and its related indexes such as systolic pressure(SBP), diastolic pressure(DBP), left brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (L-baPWV), right brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(R-baPWV), left ankle brachial index (L-ABI), right ankle brachial index(R-ABI), serum triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected at 3 time points including before exercise program, by the end of exercise for 8 weeks and 16 weeks. Results:① Compared with pre-exercise, the R-baPWV and R-ABI of the elderly people were decreased at the end of the 8^th week, and the L-baPWV, RbaPWV, R-ABI and L-ABI were decreased significantly at the end of the 16^th week. ②Compared with pre-exercise, SBP and DBP were declined markedly (P<0.01, P<0.05) at the end of the 8^th week, SBP, DBP and pulse pressure were decreased significantly (P<0.01, P<0.05) at the end of the 16^th week. ③Compared with pre-exercise, TC and LDL-c were declined markedly (P<0.01) at the end of the 8^th and the 16^th week, and there was no difference of the level of TG and LDL-c between pre-exercise and post-exercise. ④There was no evident difference of serum level of SOD, GSH-Px, MDA between pre-exercise and post-exercise at the end of the 8^th week. Compared with pre-exercise, the level of serum SOD, GSH-Px was increased evidently while the content of serum MDA was decreased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion:Sixteen-week aerobic exercises could reduce baPWV and ABI levels, regulate blood pressure, blood lipids and lipid peroxides levels of the elderly evidently, thus improve the controlling quality of atherosclerosis.