丁醇在大肠杆菌中的生物合成研究进展*

生物丁醇作为一种重要的化学品和石油基燃料的替代品引起了人们的广泛关注。大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)是生物合成化学品的优良底盘菌株,已在其体内构建了丁醇的生物合成途径。但大肠杆菌合成丁醇存在:(1)代谢通量非最优;(2)辅因子和氧化还原不平衡;(3)丁醇产量和产率低等问题,为此,从高效酶选择、碳代谢流调控、辅因子调控、丁醇生产和工艺等方面已经对丁醇合成途径和丁醇发酵进行了优化。从该角度出发阐述近几年来大肠杆菌生物合成丁醇的研究进展,并展望了利用工程大肠杆菌生产丁醇的研究方向,旨在为应用其进行高效的丁醇生产提供参考。

Recent Advances in Butanol Biosynthesis of Escherichia coli

Biobutanol has recently attracted considerable attentions as an important commodity chemical and alternative for petroleum-based fuels. Engineered butanol synthesis pathway has been introduced into E.coli, which is an excellent chassis strain for biosynthetic chemicals. However, the produce of butanol has often been limited by the problems as follows: (1) Non-optimal metabolic flux; (2) Imbalanced CoA and reducing power; (3) Low butanol yields and titer and other issues. Herein, recent advances in butanol biosynthesis of E.coli are summarized and prospected, including screening for high-efficient enzymes, optimization of carbon flux towards butanol, adjusting cofactor supply and optimization of fermentation strategies, which would provide a theoretical basis for high-efficient production of butanol.