细胞程序性死亡因子家族分子在细胞凋亡中的调控作用

细胞程序性死亡因子(programmed cell death,PDCD)是一类与肿瘤发展相关并在进化上高度保守的蛋白质。PDCD家族由多个成员构成。其中,研究较为深入的包括PDCD1、PDCD2、PDCD4、PDCD5、PDCD6、PDCD7、PDCD8及PDCD10。PDCD在人类的各组织及细胞中广泛分布,其主要功能是对细胞凋亡的调控。目前研究发现,PDCD家族成员可通过不同信号通路实现对肿瘤细胞活力的调控,且某些家族成员的缺失或过表达都会引起机体发生病变,证明其在多种疾病当中具有重要作用。本文汇总了PDCD1、PDCD2、PDCD4、PDCD5、PDCD6、PDCD7、PDCD8、PDCD9、PDCD10、PDCD11、PDCD12的基因结构与蛋白质结构,介绍了各家族成员在细胞程序性死亡过程中的关系,并总结目前所报道的PDCD家族成员在肿瘤,以及多种疾病中所发挥的调控作用,以期帮助科研工作者了解其在细胞凋亡中的作用,以及为肿瘤和相关疾病发生发展的分子机制提供参考。

The Regulatory Role of PDCD Family Molecules in Apoptosis

Programmed cell death (PDCD) is a kind of evolutionarily conserved protein related to tumor development. The PDCD family is composed of several members, among which PDCD1, PDCD2, PDCD4, PDCD5, PDCD6, PDCD7, PDCD9 and PDCD10 are studied more in-depth. PDCD is widely distributed in various tissues and cells of human, and its main function is to regulate apoptosis. At present, it is found that PDCD family members can regulate the activity of tumor cells through different signal pathways, and the absence or over-expression of some members can cause pathological changes in the body, which suggests that PDCD plays an important role in a variety of diseases. In this paper, the gene structure and protein structure of PDCD1, PDCD2, PDCD4, PDCD5, PDCD6, PDCD7, PDCD8, PDCD9, PDCD10, PDCD11 and PDCD12 are summarized. The relationships among PDCDs in the event of programmed cell death are introduced, and the regulation of PDCD family members reported in tumors and various diseases are summarized, so as to help researchers understand their role in apoptosis, and provide references for the treatment of tumor and related diseases.