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Reinstatement of Lophocoleaceae (Jungermanniopsida) based on chloroplast gene rbcL data: exploring the importance of female involucres for the systematics of Jungermanniales
Authors:J. Hentschel  R. Wilson  M. Burghardt  H. -J. Zündorf  H. Schneider  J. Heinrichs
Affiliation:1. Abteilung Systematische Botanik, Albrecht-von-Haller Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften, Georg-August-Universit?t, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073, G?ttingen, Germany
2. Institut für Spezielle Botanik mit Herbarium Haussknecht und Botanischem Garten, Friedrich-Schiller-Universit?t, Fürstengraben 1, 07740, Jena, Germany
Abstract:Maximum likelihood analysis of 113 rbcL sequences leads to a well resolved phylogeny of Jungermanniales. All species with perigynia or marsupia are found in one clade, whereas species with coelocaules are placed in several lineages. The broadly circumscribed Geocalycaceae (including Lophocoleaceae) of most recent authors are resolved as polyphyletic. Geocalycaceae genera which develop female involucres without involvement of stem tissue (Chiloscyphus, Heteroscyphus, Leptoscyphus, Physotheca) form a robust clade which is placed sister to Plagiochilaceae whereas the genera with involucres originating at least partly from stem tissue (Geocalycaceae s.str., Geocalyx, Harpanthus, Saccogyna) are nested within the paraphyletic Jungermanniaceae. This topology leads to the exclusion of the strictly perianth-bearing species from Geocalycaceae and the reinstatement of Lophocoleaceae. Campanocolea is nested within Chiloscyphus. Physotheca and Chiloscyphus breutelii are placed within an unsupported clade with several accessions of Leptoscyphus. Heteroscyphus forms a paraphyletic grade at the base of Chiloscyphus.
Keywords:Jungermanniopsida  Jungermanniales  Geocalycaceae  Lophocoleaceae  Plagiochilaceae  female involucres  rbcL  phylogeny
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