水稻的耐淹性状及其Sub1基因

近4年来, 水稻(Oryza sativa L.)耐淹性状及其分子机理的研究取得了长足的进展。水稻植株的耐淹性状主要由Submergence-1 (Sub1) 基因控制。Sub1通过调节乙烯和赤霉素介导的反应, 抑制淹水期间的伸长生长和减缓碳水化合物消耗来控制耐淹性状。文章介绍了水稻应对淹涝胁迫的两种策略, 影响耐淹性状的主要生理因素, Sub1基因定位以及它控制耐淹性状的机理; 阐述了Sub1基因在我国杂交水稻生产方面的应用前景。

Submergence tolerance and Sub1 locus in rice

Great progresses have been made in understanding of both submergence tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the molecular mechanism of tolerance over 4 years. Tolerance of rice plants to submergence is controlled by Submergence-1 (Sub1) locus. Sub1 regulates ethylene- and GA-mediated responsiveness, leading to restriction in carbohydrate consumption and quiescence in shoot elongation during submergence and subsequently causing submergence tolerance. This article reviewed two strategies adopted by rice plants to cope with flooding stress, major physiological factors affecting submergence tolerance, and physical mapping of Sub1 locus, as well as the mechanisms of submergence tolerance, and assessed the prospects of the use of Sub1 in hybrid rice production.