淮南矿区大气及二球悬铃木叶片中重金属含量及其相关性分析

对淮南市污染区(矿区)和对照区(相对清洁区)空气中TSP、PM10-100、PM5-10、PM2.5-5和PM2.5的日均质量浓度进行了测定,并对TSP中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的质量浓度和二球悬铃木〔Platanus×acerifolia(Ait.)Willd.〕叶片中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn含量的动态变化进行了分析,同时对二球悬铃木叶片中重金属含量与TSP中重金属质量浓度和各类空气颗粒物日均质量浓度的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:在60 d采样期内,空气颗粒物日均质量浓度和叶片中重金属含量均呈波动的变化趋势,其中污染区空气中TSP和PM2.5的日均质量浓度均显著高于对照区,污染区PM10-100、PM5-10和PM2.5-5日均质量浓度总体上低于对照区;污染区空气TSP中6种重金属元素的质量浓度均高于对照区,污染区二球悬铃木叶片中的Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni和Zn含量均高于对照区但Pb含量低于对照区。相关性分析结果表明:污染区二球悬铃木叶片中重金属含量与空气TSP中重金属质量浓度多数呈正相关,叶片中重金属含量与空气中PM2.5日均质量浓度也均呈正相关,其中叶片中Cd含量与PM2.5日均质量浓度的相关性达显著水平。研究结果表明:在淮南矿区,可将二球悬铃木叶片中的重金属含量作为空气PM2.5污染状况的监测指标。

Analyses on heavy metal content in atmosphere and Platanus x acerifolia leaf at Huainan mining area and their correlation

Daily average mass concentrations of TSP, PM10-100, PM5-10, PM2.5-5 and PM2.5 in atmosphere at polluted area （mining area ） and control area （relative cleaning area） in Huainan City were determined, mass concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in TSP and dynamic changes of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in leaf of Platanus x acerifolia （Ait.） Willd. were analyzed, and correlations of heavy metal content in P. x acerifolia leaf with mass concentration of heavy metals in TSP and daily average mass concentration of different atmosphere particulate matters were analyzed. The results show that daily average mass concentration of atmosphere particulate matter and heavy metal content in leaf of P. x acerifolia all appear fluctuation changing trends during sampling period of 60 d, in which, daily average mass concentrations of TSP and PM2.5 in atmosphere at polluted area are significantly higher than those at control area, daily average mass concentrations of PM10_100, PMs_10 and PM2.5-5 at polluted area are totally lower than those at control area. Mass concentrations of six heavy metal elements in atmosphere TSP at polluted area all are higher than those at control area, and contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in P.X acerifolia leaf at polluted area all are higher than those at control area, but Pb content is lower than that at control area. The result of correlation analysis shows that at polluted area, correlations between heavy metal content in P. X acerifolia leaf and mass concentration of heavy metals in atmosphere TSP are mostly positive, and also, correlations between heavy metal content in P. × acerifolia leaf and daily average mass concentration of PM2.5 in atmosphere all are positive, in which, correlation between Cd content in leaf and daily average mass concentration of PM2. 5 is significant. It is suggested that heavy metal content in P. × acerifolia leaf can be used as a monitoring index of pollution status of atmosphere PM2.5 in Huainan mining area.