Influence of the operating conditions on lipase-catalysed synthesis of ricinoleic acid estolides in solvent-free systems |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005, India;1. Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary;2. University Politehnica of Timişoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001, Timişoara, Romania;3. Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200, Veszprém, Hungary;4. “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041, Timişoara, Romania;1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;2. Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China |
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| Abstract: | In this work, the synthesis of ricinoleic acid estolides, also named polyricinoleic acid (PR), in two different solvent-free reaction systems, catalysed by immobilised Candida rugosa lipase is described. First, the esterification was performed in an open air jacketed batch reactor and the influence of amount of enzyme, temperature and initial water content was tested. The best results were obtained when 5 g of soaked immobilised derivative was used as biocatalyst, and the reaction was carried out at 40 °C. It was observed that environmental relative humidity plays an important role in the enzymatic synthesis of ricinoleic acid estolides and, given that this parameter takes on a wide range of values depending on the season, it is considered the main cause of the poor reproducibility achieved in the open air reactor. To solve this problem, the ricinoleic acid estolides were synthesised under controlled atmosphere in a vacuum reactor with dry air intake. The optimum drying time of 7 h was selected. In these conditions, PR with an acid value of 57.5 mg KOH/g was synthesised in 48 h of reaction and the results were entirely reproducible. |
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