Floristic composition and conservation value of the stubble-field weed community,dominated by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Stachys annua</Emphasis> in western Hungary |
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Authors: | Gyula Pinke Robert Pál |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Botany, University of West Hungary, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, H-9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Vár 2, Hungary;(2) Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6., Hungary |
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Abstract: | The stubble-field weed community, dominated by Stachys annua, was generally distributed in Hungary until the 1950s on mid-heavy and heavy, base-rich soils. Stachys annua is an excellent nectar-producer, and from the nectar collected in its habitats popular stubble-honey was produced. This vegetation
type has suffered significant decline, mainly due to the early ploughing of stubbles associated with the intensification of
agriculture. In the present study, the floristic composition of this community is assessed based on 213 phytosociological
records, and its distribution in the past ten years in western Hungary is mapped. Sixty-five percent of the species are of
Eurasian, European and Mediterranean elements, and the largest proportion of the species are spring-germinating summer annuals.
The proportion of insect-pollinated plant species is approximately 70%, and the species composition also offers significant
seed food sources for farmland birds, e.g. Coturnix coturnix and Perdix perdix. Therefore this community should deserve a high conservation priority for biodiversity. The factors that offer the greatest
threats to the continuing existence of this community type are intensive agricultural management and the increasing spread
of Ambrosia artemisiifolia. |
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Keywords: | farmland birds pollinators rare weeds stubble-honey |
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