添加竹炭对猪粪堆肥过程中升温脱水及氮素损失的影响

堆肥是实现畜禽粪便处理及资源化利用的有效途径,但传统堆肥过程存在升温脱水效果不佳及氮素损失的问题.本文利用猪粪进行堆肥试验,探讨了堆肥过程中添加不同比例竹炭对堆肥升温脱水及氮素损失的影响.结果表明: 与不添加竹炭的对照相比,添加竹炭处理可以使堆体升温时间缩短24～48 h，脱水率提高13.6%～21.4%，堆肥高温期持续时间延长216～264 h;添加竹炭处理可以增加堆肥铵态氮、硝态氮及总氮含量,使氮素固定率提高28.3%～65.4%.

Effects of bamboo biochar addition on temperature rising,dehydration and nitrogen loss during pig manure composting.

Composting is an effective way to realize the treatment and recycling of livestock manure. However, traditional composting process has the problems of slow temperature rising, poor dehydration effect and serious nitrogen loss. Composting experiments of pig manure were carried out to investigate the influence of different rates of bamboo biochar addition on the temperature rising speed, dehydration effect and nitrogen loss during the composting process. The results showed that the addition of bamboo biochar could shorten the temperature rising time of the pile by 24-48 h, increase the dehydration rate by 13.6%-21.4%, and prolong the lasting time of the thermophilic phase by 216-264 h. The NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, and total nitrogen contents in the pile were higher under the treatments with bamboo biochar amendment than under the control, and moreover, the nitrogen fixation percentage increased by 28.3%-65.4% as compared to the control.