尕海湿地生态系统土壤有机碳储量和碳密度分布

2011年7月,研究了甘南尕海典型湿地(草本泥炭地、沼泽湿地、高山湿地和亚高山草甸)土壤剖面有机碳分布及其储量.结果表明: 4种典型湿地土壤容重平均在0.22～1.29 g·cm^-3;草本泥炭地土壤有机碳含量明显高于其他类型,其平均值(286.80 g·kg^-1)约为沼泽湿地、高山湿地和亚高山草甸的2.91、4.99和7.13倍.各类湿地土壤平均有机碳密度为草本泥炭地＞亚高山草甸＞沼泽湿地＞高山湿地,以0～10 cm剖面的密度最大;各类湿地土壤剖面的有机碳密度与有机碳含量的变化趋势基本一致,均随土壤深度的增加呈现波动性变化;草本泥炭地、沼泽湿地、高山湿地和亚高山草甸的土壤有机碳均存在0～10和20～40 cm两个明显储碳层;其0～60 cm深度的土壤有机碳储量分别为369.46、278.83、276.16和292.23 t·hm^-2.尕海湿地4种类型湿地0～60 cm土壤的总有机碳储量约为9.50×10⁶ t.

Distribution of soil organic carbon storage and carbon density in Gahai Wetland ecosystem.

The profile distribution and accumulation characteristics of organic carbon of four typical marshes (herbaceous peat, marsh wetland, mountain wetland, subalpine meadow) were studied in Gahai Wetlands of Gannan in July 2011. The results showed that the soil bulk densities of the four typical marshes ranged from 0.22 to 1.29 g·cm^-3. The content of soil organic carbon in the herbaceous peat was higher than in other types, with its average content of organic carbon (286.80 g·kg^-1) being about 2.91, 4.99, 7.31 times as much as that of the marsh wetland, mountain wetland and subalpine meadow, respectively. The average organic carbon densities were in order of herbaceous peat ＞ subalpine meadow ＞ marsh wetland ＞ mountain wetland, with the highest in the 0-10 cm layer. The change of organic carbon density along the soil profile was basically in accor dancewith the organic carbon content in the four typical marshes, but fluctuated with soil depth. There were obviously two carbon storage layers (0-10 and 20-40 cm, espectively) in the four ty picalmarshes. The amounts of organic carbon stored in the 0-60 cm layer of the four typical marshes were 369.46, 278.83, 276.16, 292.23 t·hm^-2, respectively. The total amount of organic carbon stored in the 0-60 cm of the four typical marshes was about 9.50×10⁶ t.