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Exogenous application of free polyamines enhance salt tolerance of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings |
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| Authors: | Fereshteh Kamiab Alireza Talaie Masood Khezri Amanallah Javanshah |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Horticulture, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, Iran 2. Department of Horticulture, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 3. Horticultural Research Institute, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 4. Iran’s Pistachio Research Institute, Rafsanjan, Iran |
| Abstract: | The protective effects of free polyamines (PAs) against salinity stress were investigated for pistachio seedlings (Pistacia vera cv. Badami-Zarand) in a controlled greenhouse. Seedlings were treated with 25, 50, 100 and 150 mM of salts including NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2. Foliar treatments of putrescine, spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) (0.1 and 1 mM) were applied during the salinity period. Results showed that growth characteristics of pistachio seedlings decreased under salinity stress and the application of PAs efficiently reduced the adverse effects of salt stress. PAs reduced the severe effects of salt stress in pistachio seedlings neither by increasing the activities of peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase nor by increasing the proline content but by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and decreasing the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) activity. PAs treated seedlings showed a lower Na+:K+ ratio and Cl? in leaves suggesting the role of PAs in balancing the ion exchange and better Na+:K+ discrimination under salt stress condition. These results showed the promising potential use of PAs especially Spm and Spd for reducing the negative effects of salinity stress and improving the growth of pistachio seedlings. |
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