<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cabruca</Emphasis> agroforests in southern Bahia,Brazil: tree component,management practices and tree species conservation |
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Authors: | Regina H R Sambuichi Daniela B Vidal Flora B Piasentin Jomar G Jardim Thiago G Viana Agna A Menezes Durval L N Mello Dario Ahnert Virupax C Baligar |
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Institution: | 1.Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC),Ilhéus,Brazil;2.Instituto de Pesquisa Econ?mica Aplicada (IPEA),Brasília,Brazil;3.Universidade Federal do Rec?ncavo da Bahia (UFRB),Cruz das Almas,Brazil;4.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN),Natal,Brazil;5.Instituto Cabruca,Ilhéus,Brazil;6.USDA-ARS-Beltsville Agricultural Research Center,Beltsville,USA |
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Abstract: | In southern Bahia, Brazil, cabrucas are the traditional agroforests in which cacao trees are planted under thinned-out native forests. To analyze the role of
cabrucas in tree species conservation, we inventoried the non-cocoa trees in 1.0 ha plots of cabruca in 16 cocoa farms and compared our results with a similar survey undertaken in the early 1960s in the same region to analyze
the long term changes. We also interviewed 160 cocoa farmers to investigate their preferences for species and the main practices
used in managing shade trees. The cabrucas showed high levels of tree diversity for an agroforestry system (Shannon index ranging from 2.21 to 3.52) and also high variation
in structure and composition among the different farms. Forest specialist trees accounted for most species (63.9%) in the
survey and were among the species most preferred by the farmers, although we found evidence that some of these trees are gradually
being replaced by other species. Our results indicate that cabrucas are poor substitutes for undisturbed forests in terms of tree species richness, but their presence in human-altered landscapes
is of utmost importance to the conservation of forest tree species as they increase overall heterogeneity and may serve as
ecological corridors, additional habitats, and buffer zones. |
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