颧根与侧颅底重要结构的解剖学测量

目的：通过测量颧根与侧颅底各重要结构间的距离关系,为临床侧颅底外科手术治疗提供定位参考。方法：取成人颅骨标本50例（去颅盖标本8例,整颅42例）100侧,用游标卡尺、圆规和直尺测量颧根与侧颅底重要结构的距离。结果：实验测得左右侧颧根与外耳门前缘中点、乳突尖、茎突、翼突外侧板根部、舌下神经管外口、茎乳孔、颈静脉孔外缘、颈动脉管外口后缘、棘孔、卵圆孔、破裂孔的距离分别为22.30±2.84mm和22.02±3.27mm、40.37±3.21mm和40.56±3.54mm、32.53±2.78mm和32.92±2.68mm、35.13±3.14mm和35.19±2.74mm、49.29±2.88mm和48.98±2.87mm、32.92±2.44mm和33.05±2.61mm、35.15±2.86mm和34.68±3.13mm、33.17±2.78mm和33.17±2.72mm、28.83±2.62mm和28.68±2.63mm、31.15±2.76mm和31.49±2.73mm、43.67±3.32mm和44.15±3.02mm,左右侧数据无差异（P〉0.05）。结论：颧根可以作为侧颅底外科手术的定位标志,为直视条件下经颞下等入路的侧颅底外科手术提供解剖学依据。

Anatomy Measurement of Important Structure of Zygomatic Root and Lateral Skull Base

Objective： According to measuring the distance between zygomatic root and lateral skull base among the various important structures,then provides location reference for clinical treatment of lateral skull base surgery.Methods： Adult skull 50 specimens（de-calvaria 8 specimens,the whole skull 42 cases）100 sides,measuring the distance between zygomatic root and lateral skull base among the various important structures by using sliding caliper,compasses and ruler.Results： The distance from left and right side of zygomatic root to the midpoint of anterior border in external acoustic foramen,mastoidale,styloid process,the root of external lamina in pterygoid process,external aperture of anterior condyloid foramen,foramen stylomastoideum,exterior margin of posterior lacerate foramen,posterior border of canalis caroticus external aperture,foramen spinosum,foramen ovale,foramen lacerum is respectively 22.30±2.84mm and 22.02±3.27mm,40.37±3.21mm and 40.56±3.54mm,32.53±2.78mm and 32.92±2.68mm,35.13±3.14mm and 35.19±2.74mm,49.29±2.88mm and 48.98±2.87mm,32.92±2.44mm and 33.05±2.61mm,35.15±2.86mm and 34.68±3.13mm,33.17±2.78mm and 33.17±2.72mm,28.83±2.62mm and 28.68±2.63mm,31.15±2.76mm and 31.49±2.73mm,43.67±3.32mm and 44.15±3.02mm,there no data difference between left and right side（P 0.05）.Coclusion： Zygomatic root can be used as location mark in lateral skull base surgery,provides anatomy basis for lateral skull base surgery through temporal approach under direct vision.