两种自发性2型糖尿病小鼠生物学特性比较

目的分别以C57BL/6JSlac和C57BL/KsJ-db/＋表型正常小鼠为对照组,比较自发性2型糖尿病KK-Ay/Ta和C57BL/KsJ-db/db小鼠的体生长曲线、糖代谢曲线、血清胰岛素水平、主要脏器重量、脏器系数等生物学特性的差异,并探讨其肾脏、肝脏和胰腺等组织病理学变化。方法在各自实验周期内,每2周测定实验组和对照组小鼠的体重、血糖以及血清胰岛素水平,实验结束后处死,脏器、脂肪称重,部分组织制作病理切片。结果 （1）KK小鼠体重远高于db/db小鼠,且同品系间雄性小鼠重于雌性小鼠（P〈0.05）;（2）同品系间雄性小鼠的血糖值明显大于雌性小鼠（P〈0.05）,db/db小鼠出现血糖异常症状比KK小鼠早,且血糖值大于KK小鼠（P〈0.05）,而KK小鼠血糖异常持续时间则较db/db小鼠长;（3）KK小鼠的血清胰岛素水平明显高于db/db小鼠（P〈0.05）,同品系雌雄小鼠间没有明显差异（P〉0.05）;（4）雄性KK小鼠脂肪系数及部分脏器萎缩程度大于雌性,而db/db小鼠雌雄间则无明显差异（P〉0.05）,同时db/db小鼠脾脏和胰腺的萎缩程度及脂肪系数大于KK小鼠（P〈0.05）,而KK小鼠肝脏的萎缩程度则大于db/db小鼠;（5）糖尿病模型小鼠肾脏、肝脏以及胰腺组织均出现明显病变。结论 KK-Ay/Ta和C57BL/KsJ-db/db小鼠均是肥胖的,伴有高血糖、高度胰岛素抵抗,肝脏、肾脏病变和胰岛功能不足的适用性2型糖尿病动物模型,且db/db小鼠血糖出现异常比KK小鼠早、脂肪系数大,而KK小鼠血糖异常持续时间较db/db小鼠长,同时血清胰岛素水平远大于db/db小鼠。

Two Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetic Mice and Their Difference of Phenotype

Objective To investigate biological parameters and morphology in spontaneous type2 diabetic KK-Ay/ Ta and C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice.Methods In experiment the body weight,glucose and serum insulin were measured every two weeks.At the end of experiment,the mice were sacrificed for organ,fat weight and morphological study.Results ① The weight of KK mice were higher than that of db/db mice,and the males were higher than the females in the same strain（P〈 0.05）.② The glucose of male mice were higher than the female,the abnormal glucose levels of db/db mice were detected earlier and higher than those of KK mice（P 0.05）.But duration of KK mice abnormal glucose was longer than db/db mice.③ The serum insulin of KK mice were higher over db/db mice significantly（P 〈0.05）,and they did not have obvious difference in the same strain（P〉 0.05）.④ The fat to body weight ratios and atrophy of some viscera in male KK mice were more serious than the female,but there was no obvious difference in db/db mice.Atrophy of spleen and pancreas of db/db mice became more serious than that of KK,however,so did in liver of KK mice.The fat to body weight ratios of db/db mice was elevated than those of KK mice（P 〈0.05）.⑤ The spleen,liver and pancreas of diabetic mice model had serious pathological deterioration.Conclusions The KK and db/db mice could be used as appropriate disease models of type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia,hyperinsulinemia,obesity.