Effects of elevated nutrients and CO2 emission scenarios on three coral reef macroalgae |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. School of Biological Sciences & Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia;2. ARC Centre for Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia;3. Griffith School of Environment and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, QLD 4111, Australia;1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 20, I-90123 Palermo, Italy;2. CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00197 Roma, Italy;3. Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, FRE 3729 ECOMERS, Parc Valrose 28, Avenue Valrose, 06108 Nice, France;4. Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Psg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;1. Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Creswick, 3363 Victoria, Australia;2. Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands;3. Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport & Resources, Horsham, 3401 Victoria, Australia;4. Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, 3086 Victoria, Australia;5. Northern Agricultural Research Center, Montana State University, Havre, MT, USA;6. Department of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Creswick, 3363 Victoria, Australia;7. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B152TT, UK;1. Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia, s/n Prédio do CCS, 2° andar−sala 93, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 219410-970, Brazil;2. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Biociências, Rua do Matão, 277, sala 122, Cidade Universitária – Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil;3. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz −(FIOCRUZ) Av. Brasil, 4365−Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil;1. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain;2. Dpto. Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra Campus de Arrosadía, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain |
| |
| Abstract: | Coral reef macroalgae are expected to thrive in the future under conditions that are deleterious to the health of reef-building corals. Here we examined how macroalgae would be affected by exposure to future CO2 emission scenarios (pCO2 and temperature), enriched nutrients and combinations of both. The species tested, Laurencia intricata (Rhodophyta), Turbinaria ornata and Chnoospora implexa (both Phaeophyceae), have active carbon-concentrating mechanisms but responded differently to the treatments. L. intricata showed high mortality under nutrient enriched RCP4.5 (“reduced” CO2 emission) and RCP8.5 (“business-as-usual” CO2 emission) and grew best under pre-industrial (PI) conditions, where it could take up carbon using external carbonic anhydrase combined, potentially, with proton extrusion. T. ornata’s growth rate showed a trend for reduction under RCP8.5 but was unaffected by nutrient enrichment. In C. implexa, highest growth was observed under PI conditions, but highest net photosynthesis occurred under RCP8.5, suggesting that under RCP8.5, carbon is stored and respired at greater rates while it is directed to growth under PI conditions. None of the species showed growth enhancement under future scenarios, nutrient enrichment or combinations of both. This leads to the conclusion that under such conditions these species are unlikely to pose an increasing threat to coral reefs. |
| |
| Keywords: | Macroalgae Carbon-concentrating mechanism Climate change Ocean acidification Eutrophication Coral reefs Phase-shift |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
